Computer Science – Class XII Student Support Material (2025–26)

1️⃣ Syllabus & Marks Distribution

This section explains the complete CBSE Class XII Computer Science syllabus (Code 083) along with the unit-wise marks distribution.

The theory paper carries 70 marks, divided as follows:

Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming – 2 (40 Marks)

Unit 2: Computer Networks (10 Marks)

Unit 3: Database Management (20 Marks)

It clearly outlines the topics included under each unit and provides guidance on exam weightage.

2️⃣ Revision of Python Topics Covered in Class XI

This section provides a strong foundation by revising important Python concepts studied in Class XI.

Topics include:

Tokens (keywords, identifiers, literals, operators, punctuators)

Data types (int, float, string, list, tuple, dictionary)

Type conversion (implicit and explicit)

Operators and precedence

String, List, Tuple, and Dictionary functions

Random module and statistics module

Basic programs and practice questions

It helps students refresh core programming concepts before moving to advanced topics.

3️⃣ Working with Functions

This chapter explains the concept of functions in Python.

It covers:

Built-in functions (abs, range, round, etc.)

Functions defined in modules (math, statistics, random)

User-defined functions using def

Types of arguments (positional, keyword, default)

Function returning multiple values

Scope of variables (local and global)

The section includes examples, syntax explanations, and multiple-choice questions for practice.

4️⃣ Exception Handling

This section introduces error handling in Python programs.

It explains:

Types of errors

try–except–finally blocks

Raising exceptions

Importance of handling runtime errors

Students learn how to prevent program crashes and write safer code.

5️⃣ Data File Handling

This is one of the most important sections. It explains how Python handles different file types:

Text Files (read, write, append, seek, tell)

Binary Files (using pickle module, dump(), load())

CSV Files (using csv module, reader(), writer())

It includes file operations such as creating, updating, searching, and deleting records.

6️⃣ Data Structure

This section focuses on Stack data structure.

It explains:

Concept of Stack (LIFO – Last In First Out)

Push and Pop operations

Implementation of stack using Python list

Students understand how data structures work logically in programs.

7️⃣ Computer Networks

This unit introduces networking fundamentals.

Topics include:

Evolution of networking (ARPANET, NSFNET, Internet)

Communication components (sender, receiver, protocols)

Transmission media (wired & wireless)

Network devices (Router, Switch, Modem, Hub, etc.)

Network topologies (Bus, Star, Tree)

Types of networks (PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN)

Network protocols (HTTP, FTP, SMTP, TCP/IP, etc.)

Web services (WWW, HTML, XML, URL, domain names)

This section helps students understand how computers communicate over networks.

8️⃣ Database Management

This chapter focuses on relational databases and SQL.

It includes:

Database concepts

Relational model (relation, attribute, tuple, keys)

SQL commands (CREATE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE)

Constraints and aggregate functions

Joins (Cartesian product, equi-join, natural join)

Connecting Python with SQL database

Students learn how to manage and manipulate data using structured queries.

9️⃣ Solved CBSE Question Paper (2024–25)

This section provides a fully solved previous year question paper.
It helps students understand exam pattern, marking scheme, and answer presentation.

🔟 Unsolved Sample Papers (Set 1, 2 & 3)

This section contains practice sample papers for self-assessment.
Students can attempt them to test their preparation level.

1️⃣1️⃣ References

This final section lists learning resources and reference materials used in preparing the content.