Section A – Computer Systems and Organisation
This section explains the basic structure and working of a computer system. It introduces hardware and software, the IPO (Input-Process-Output) cycle, and the internal components of a computer such as CPU, memory, and storage devices.
Students learn about the Central Processing Unit (CPU), which consists of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU), and Registers. The Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle explains how instructions are processed.
The section also covers different types of memory including Primary Memory (RAM and ROM), Cache Memory, and Secondary Memory (HDD, SSD, Pen Drive, etc.). Units of memory like bit, byte, KB, MB, GB are explained clearly.
Types of software such as System Software, Application Software, and Programming Tools (Assembler, Compiler, Interpreter) are also discussed. Additionally, Boolean Logic, Logic Gates, Number Systems (Binary, Octal, Decimal, Hexadecimal), and Encoding Schemes (ASCII, ISCII, Unicode) are included.
Important Questions – Section A
Explain the components of a computer system with a diagram.
Differentiate between RAM and ROM.
What is cache memory? Why is it faster than RAM?
Explain the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle.
Differentiate between compiler and interpreter.
Convert (125)₁₀ into binary and hexadecimal.
State and prove De Morgan’s Laws.
What are encoding schemes? Explain ASCII and Unicode.
Section B – Computational Thinking and Programming – I
This section focuses on problem-solving skills and Python programming. It begins with steps in problem-solving such as analyzing the problem, developing an algorithm, writing pseudocode or flowcharts, coding, testing, and debugging.
Students are introduced to Python programming, including features of Python, execution modes (Interactive and Script mode), tokens (keywords, identifiers, literals, operators), and variables.
Data types such as integers, floats, complex numbers, Boolean, strings, lists, tuples, and dictionaries are explained. Students also learn about operators (arithmetic, relational, logical, assignment, identity, membership).
The section includes Flow of Control statements like if, if-else, if-elif-else, for loop, while loop, break and continue. Concepts of strings, lists, tuples, dictionaries, and modules (math, random, statistics) are covered in detail.
Students practice writing programs such as finding factorial, Fibonacci series, prime number check, palindrome check, searching elements in lists, etc.
Important Questions – Section B
What are the steps involved in problem-solving?
Differentiate between interactive mode and script mode in Python.
Explain different data types in Python with examples.
What is type conversion? Explain implicit and explicit conversion.
Differentiate between for loop and while loop.
Write a Python program to check whether a number is prime.
Explain mutable and immutable data types with examples.
What is a dictionary in Python? Explain with example.
Section C – Society, Law and Ethics
This section explains the impact of technology on society and the ethical responsibilities of users. It introduces Digital Footprints and the concept of Digital Society and Netizens.
Students learn about Net Etiquettes, Communication Etiquettes, and Social Media Etiquettes. Data protection and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) such as copyright, patent, and trademark are explained.
Cyber crimes such as hacking, phishing, cyberbullying, ransomware, and cyber trolling are discussed along with cyber safety practices.
The section also covers Malware (virus, trojan, adware), E-waste management, Information Technology Act (IT Act), and issues related to gender and disability in technology usage.
Important Questions – Section C
What is a digital footprint?
Explain cyber safety measures while browsing the internet.
Differentiate between copyright, patent, and trademark.
What is phishing? How can we prevent it?
Explain the importance of the IT Act.
What is e-waste management and why is it important?
What are the responsibilities of a digital citizen?
