(SEM VII) THEORY EXAMINATION 2023-24 INTERNET OF THINGS

KCS712 – INTERNET OF THINGS

Section-wise Solved Answers

SECTION A (2 × 10 = 20 Marks)

Attempt all questions in brief

a) Define IoT

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of physical objects (things) embedded with sensors, 

software, and connectivity that enables them to collect and exchange data over the internet.

b) Data Enrichment

Data enrichment is the process of enhancing raw data by adding context, metadata, or additional information to make it more meaningful and useful.

c) BeagleBone Board

BeagleBone is an open-source, low-cost single-board computer used for IoT and embedded system development.

d) ARM Cortex

ARM Cortex is a family of high-performance, low-power processors widely used in embedded and IoT devices.

e) Role of Network in IoT Deployment

Networks enable device connectivity, data transmission, remote monitoring, and control across various IoT devices.

f) CDMA

CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) is a spread-spectrum communication technique that allows multiple devices to share the same frequency band.

g) Arduino Libraries (Any Four)

Wire

SPI

Ethernet

Servo

h) Arduino Emulator

An Arduino emulator is a software tool that simulates Arduino hardware behavior for testing and debugging programs without physical hardware.

i) Smart Street Light System

A smart street light system uses sensors and IoT controllers to automatically control lighting based on traffic, time, or environmental conditions, saving energy.

j) ESP8266

ESP8266 is a low-cost Wi-Fi microcontroller module used to connect IoT devices to the internet.

 SECTION B (Attempt Any Three – 10 Marks Each)

a) Hardware Sources for IoT Prototype Development

Arduino Uno

Raspberry Pi

BeagleBone Black

ESP8266 / ESP32

Sensors (temperature, humidity, motion)

These components help in rapid IoT prototyping and testing.

b) Sensors and Actuators

Sensors:
Devices that detect physical parameters like temperature, light, or motion.
Example: Temperature sensor, IR sensor.

Actuators:
Devices that perform actions based on control signals.
Example: Motors, LEDs, relays.

c) MAC Protocols in Sensor Networks

Contention-based MAC (CSMA)

TDMA-based MAC

Hybrid MAC protocols

These protocols manage channel access and energy efficiency.

d) Arduino LED Blink Program

void setup() {  pinMode(13, OUTPUT); } void loop() {  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);  delay(1000);  digitalWrite(13, LOW);  delay(1000); }

This program blinks an LED connected to pin 13.

e) Development Challenges in IoT                      Security and privacy

Scalability                                                            Power consumption

Interoperability                                                   Data management

SECTION C (Attempt Any One – 10 Marks)

a) Difference between M2M and IoT

b) Functions of Data Consolidation                          Data filtering

Data integration                                                        Data storage

Data analysis                                                             Decision support

SECTION D (Attempt Any One – 10 Marks)

a) RFID and Its Working

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) uses radio waves to identify objects.

Working:

RFID reader emits radio signal

Tag responds with stored data

Data is processed by system

b) Embedded System & Raspberry Pi

An embedded system is a dedicated computing system designed for a specific function.

Raspberry Pi:
A small, low-cost computer used for IoT, automation, and education.