SECTION A (2 Marks Each)
(a) Microservice Architecture
Microservice architecture is an architectural style where an application is built as a collection of small, independent services, each performing a specific business function and communicating through APIs.
(b) Contemporary SOA
Contemporary SOA is a modern form of SOA that integrates web services, cloud computing, REST, microservices, and messaging systems to build flexible and scalable applications.
(c) SOA Reference Architecture
SOA reference architecture is a standard blueprint that defines layers, components, relationships, and best practices for designing service-oriented systems.
(d) SOAD
SOAD stands for Service Oriented Analysis and Design, a methodology used to analyze business requirements and design reusable services.
(e) Orchestration in Web Services
Orchestration refers to the coordination and control of multiple web services to execute a business process in a predefined sequence.
(f) Strategic Architecture Governance
It ensures that SOA implementations follow standards, policies, best practices, and business goals through proper control and monitoring.
(g) Principle of Service Orientation
Service orientation is based on principles like loose coupling, reusability, abstraction, interoperability, and autonomy.
(h) Goals of Service-Oriented Analysis
The goals include identifying reusable services, aligning IT with business needs, improving flexibility, and reducing system complexity.
(i) Derived Business Services and Benefits
Derived business services are created by combining existing services. Benefits include reusability, faster development, and reduced cost.
(j) Technology for Big Data
Big Data technologies include Hadoop, Spark, NoSQL databases, distributed storage, and cloud computing for handling large-scale data.
SECTION B (10 Marks Each – Attempt Any Three)
(a) Service Layer Abstraction in SOA
Service layer abstraction hides internal service logic and exposes only required interfaces to consumers. This improves security, flexibility, and reusability. Consumers interact with services without knowing implementation details, enabling independent service evolution.
(b) Comparison between SOA, Client-Server, and Distributed Internet Architecture
SOA uses loosely coupled reusable services, while client-server architecture depends on tight coupling between client and server. Distributed Internet architecture focuses on scalability but lacks standardized service reuse like SOA. SOA supports interoperability and business process integration.
(c)
(i) Orchestration in Web Services
Orchestration controls the execution flow of multiple services using a central coordinator, often implemented using BPEL.
(ii) Security Specification Used in SOA
Security in SOA uses standards like WS-Security, SSL/TLS, OAuth, SAML, and authentication mechanisms to protect services.
(d) SOA Reference Architecture
SOA reference architecture consists of layers such as service consumer, service provider, service registry, business process layer, integration layer, and governance layer. It ensures standardization and efficient service interaction.
(e) Design of Business Process Services
Business process services coordinate multiple services to achieve business objectives. They define workflows, rules, service interactions, and exception handling.
SECTION C (10 Marks Each)
Q3
(a) SOAP and WSDL
SOAP is a protocol for exchanging structured information using XML over HTTP. WSDL describes web service interfaces, operations, and message formats. Together, they enable standardized communication between distributed services.
(b) SOA Governance and Challenges
SOA governance manages policies, standards, security, versioning, and service lifecycle. Challenges include complexity, policy enforcement, service version control, and organizational resistance.
Q4
(a) Components of SOA and Their Functions
Key components include service provider, service consumer, service registry, ESB, orchestration engine, and governance framework. These components enable communication, discovery, and management of services.
(b) Messaging Patterns in SOA with SOAP
SOAP supports request-response, one-way messaging, publish-subscribe, and asynchronous messaging patterns for reliable service interaction.
Q5
(a) Features and Pitfalls of Contemporary SOA
Features include loose coupling, reusability, scalability, interoperability, and cloud integration. Pitfalls include high complexity, governance overhead, performance issues, and poor service design.
(b) Messaging Patterns Used in SOA
Common patterns include synchronous, asynchronous, request-reply, and event-driven messaging using SOAP envelopes.
Q6
(a) Service Activity Structure in Web Services
Service activity structure defines operations, message flow, execution sequence, and interactions among services within a business process.
(b) Task-Centric Business Service Design
Task-centric design focuses on specific business tasks. For example, an “Order Processing Service” handles validation, payment, and confirmation as a single business task.
Q7
(a) Native Web Service Support for Service Orientation
Web services support service orientation through standards like SOAP, WSDL, UDDI, HTTP, and XML, enabling loose coupling and interoperability.
(b) Metadata and Its Importance in WSDL
Metadata describes service operations, data types, bindings, and endpoints. In WSDL, metadata helps consumers understand how to access and use services correctly.
