(SEM II) THEORY EXAMINATION 2024-25 ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY

B.Tech (Semester II) Theory Examination 2024–25

Maximum Marks: 70 | Time: 3 Hours

This question paper covers essential topics related to Environment, Ecology, Pollution, Natural Resources, Ecosystems, Sustainable Development, Public Health, and Environmental Laws. It evaluates the conceptual understanding of environmental issues, their impacts, and mitigation measures.

The paper is divided into three sections: A, B, and C.

SECTION A — Short Answer Questions (Q1a–Q1g)

(14 Marks | 2 Marks × 7)

This section consists of basic conceptual questions about environmental science.

Topics covered include:

Definition and components of Environment

Food Chain vs. Food Web

Effects of Industrialization

Noise Pollution

Effects of Global Warming

Role of NGOs in Environmental Protection

Definition of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

SECTION B — Descriptive Questions (Attempt Any 3)

(21 Marks | 7 Marks × 3)

This section examines intermediate-level understanding of ecological processes.

Key themes include:

Structure of an Ecosystem with a diagram

Carbon and Nitrogen cycles

Soil Pollution: causes, effects, and prevention

Causes & effects of Acid Rain

Population Growth as an environmental challenge

SECTION C — Long Answer / Analytical Questions (Attempt Any 1 per set)

(35 Marks | 7 Marks × 5)

This section includes detailed analytical questions to test deep understanding.

Q3 — Sustainable Development & Human Impact

Choose any one:

Meaning & explanation of Sustainable Development + SDGs

Impact of agricultural & industrial human activities on the environment

Q4 — Water Resources & Energy

Choose any one:

Availability, sources, and quality of water resources + effects of fluoride & arsenic

Environmental impact of energy consumption

Q5 — Pollution & Public Health

Choose any one:

Major types of pollution (air, water, soil, noise), impacts & solid waste management

Relationship between pollution & public health

Q6 — Burning of Paddy Straw / Ozone Depletion

Choose any one:

Paddy straw burning, air pollution & climate change impacts in India

Causes & impacts of Ozone layer depletion

Q7 — Environmental Education / EPA 1986

Choose any one:

Importance of Environmental Education

Environmental Protection Act (1986) provisions and significance