(SEM VIII) THEORY EXAMINATION 2018-19 POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

POWER PLANT ENGINEERING (NME801 / EME801)

According to the uploaded question paper 

The Power Plant Engineering examination is divided into three sections: A, B, and C. The structure of the paper is designed to test fundamental concepts first, then move toward thermodynamic cycles and power plant systems, and finally evaluate analytical and design-oriented understanding.

Below is a detailed explanation of each section in continuous and descriptive format.

Section A – Basic Concepts and Short Explanations (20 Marks)

Section A consists of ten compulsory questions, each carrying two marks. This section checks your understanding of fundamental concepts related to various types of power plants and their components.

The questions include topics such as selection criteria of a power plant unit, moderation in nuclear reactors, differences between boiler accessories and mountings, methods of ash handling, exhaust systems in diesel power plants, intercooling in Brayton cycle, wind energy, advantages of nuclear power plants, control rooms in power plants, and air cooling systems.

Although the answers are short, they require technical clarity. For example, when explaining moderation, you must describe how fast neutrons are slowed down using a moderator to sustain nuclear chain reactions. Similarly, when differentiating boiler accessories and mountings, you should explain that mountings are essential safety devices, while accessories improve efficiency.

This section tests your foundational knowledge of thermal, nuclear, hydro, diesel, and renewable power systems.
 

Section B – Thermodynamic Cycles and Plant Performance Analysis (30 Marks)
 

Section B requires you to attempt any three questions, each carrying ten marks. This section focuses on thermodynamic analysis, performance evaluation, and working principles of different power plants.

The topics include geothermal power plant working, air standard diesel cycle with P-V and T-S diagrams, generator and transformer cooling, pollution due to power generation, regenerative Rankine cycle numerical problems, and the effects of reheating, intercooling, and regeneration in gas turbine cycles.

In this section, you are expected to draw neat diagrams such as P-V and T-S diagrams and derive efficiency expressions where required. For example, when explaining the diesel cycle, you must describe constant pressure heat addition and derive its thermal efficiency formula. In the regenerative cycle numerical problem, you must calculate the mass of steam bled and determine theoretical thermal efficiency using steam tables.

This section evaluates your ability to apply thermodynamic principles, interpret cycle diagrams, and perform performance calculations.

Section C – Advanced Analysis, Design, and Practical Considerations (50 Marks)
 

Section C carries the highest weightage and requires you to attempt one part from each question. This section focuses on practical design, cost control, system layout, and advanced thermodynamic calculations.

The topics include cost of power generation and its controlling factors, load curves and load estimation, fire tube and water tube boilers with examples like Lancashire and Babcock & Wilcox boilers, Rankine cycle efficiency and work ratio calculations, gas turbine power calculations with intercooling, site selection for hydro-electric plants, nuclear reactor components and moderator function, wind power plant working, and instrumentation in power plants.

For example, the Rankine cycle problem requires determining efficiency and work ratio under reversible conditions and then recalculating when turbine and pump efficiencies are given. This tests your understanding of isentropic processes and real-cycle analysis.

Similarly, when discussing nuclear reactors, you must explain components such as fuel rods, moderator, control rods, coolant, and shielding. When explaining hydroelectric site selection, you should discuss factors like water availability, storage capacity, head, geological conditions, and transmission distance.

This section evaluates analytical ability, real-world engineering considerations, and system-level understanding.
 

Overall Paper Structure and Preparation Strategy
 

The paper is designed to progress logically. Section A checks basic conceptual knowledge. Section B focuses on thermodynamic cycle analysis and plant working principles. Section C evaluates advanced calculations, design aspects, and practical implementation.

To score well:

Strengthen your understanding of thermodynamic cycles (Rankine, Diesel, Brayton).

Practice numerical problems using steam tables and Mollier charts.

Prepare neat labeled diagrams of boilers, nuclear reactors, hydro plants, and gas turbines.

Understand cost analysis and load curve concepts clearly.