THEORY EXAMINATION (SEM–VIII) 2016-17 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

SECTION – A

Explain the following (Short Answer Type)

An embedded system is a computer system designed to perform a specific task within a larger system. It includes hardware and software components working together for dedicated functions.

Suitable memory for an embedded system is selected based on factors such as speed, size, power consumption, cost, and application requirements.

An embedded operating system is designed for specific hardware to control embedded devices, while a real-time operating system ensures tasks are completed within strict time limits.

The main function of a timer device in an embedded system is to measure time intervals and control timing operations such as delays and event scheduling.

Frequency spectrum represents the distribution of signal energy over different frequency components.

ADC converts analog signals into digital form, while DAC converts digital signals into analog form.

Embedded control refers to the use of embedded systems to monitor and control devices or processes automatically.

Encoding in embedded systems is needed to convert information into a suitable format for efficient transmission and processing.

Processors in embedded systems execute instructions, control operations, and manage communication between system components.

Languages suitable for embedded systems include C, C++, and assembly language.

Questions (Section A)

What is an embedded system?

What is the function of a timer device?

Differentiate between ADC and DAC.

What is embedded control?

Name one programming language for embedded systems.

SECTION – B

Attempt any five (Long Answer Type)

Embedded systems are characterized by dedicated functions, real-time operation, reliability, and limited resources. They are designed to perform specific tasks efficiently.

Embedded systems differ from general-purpose computers because they are optimized for particular applications and often operate under strict timing constraints.

Timing and clock signals are essential in embedded systems to synchronize operations and ensure proper execution of tasks.

Signals in embedded systems represent data or control information, while frequency spectrum shows signal frequency components. Sampling converts continuous signals into discrete form.

Communication strategies in embedded systems include serial communication, parallel communication, and wireless communication methods.

Encoding and flow control mechanisms ensure efficient data transmission and prevent data loss during communication.

Fault tolerance issues in embedded systems include error detection, recovery mechanisms, and system reliability.

Formal methods are mathematical techniques used to verify system correctness and ensure reliability in embedded system design.

Questions (Section B)

What are characteristics of embedded systems?

Explain timing and clocks in embedded systems.

What is sampling in signal processing?

What are communication strategies in embedded systems?

What is fault tolerance?

SECTION – C

Attempt any two (Detailed Explanation)

Embedded systems are classified based on performance requirements, functionality, and application areas. They are widely used in consumer electronics, automotive systems, and industrial automation.

Real-time operating systems manage tasks with strict timing constraints and ensure timely response in embedded applications.

Embedded control systems use sensors, processors, and actuators to monitor and control processes automatically. Control hierarchy shows how different levels of control interact within a system.

Questions (Section C)

How are embedded systems classified?

What are applications of embedded systems?

Explain embedded control hierarchy.