THEORY EXAMINATION (SEM–VIII) 2016-17 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

SECTION – A

Explain the following (Short Answer Type)

An embedded system is a specialized computing system designed to perform a specific task within a larger system. It combines hardware and software to achieve dedicated functions.

Suitable memory for an embedded system is selected based on speed, storage capacity, power consumption, reliability, and cost requirements.

An embedded operating system is designed for specific devices, while a real-time operating system ensures tasks are completed within strict time limits.

The major function of a timer device in an embedded system is to generate time delays, schedule tasks, and measure time intervals.

Frequency spectrum represents how signal energy is distributed over different frequencies.

ADC converts analog signals into digital form, while DAC converts digital signals into analog form.

Embedded control refers to automatic control of devices or processes using embedded systems.

Encoding is needed in embedded systems to convert data into efficient formats for communication and processing.

Processors in embedded systems execute instructions, manage operations, and control system functions.

Programming languages suitable for embedded systems include C, C++, and assembly language.

Questions (Section A)

What is an embedded system?

What is the function of a timer device?

Differentiate between ADC and DAC.

What is embedded control?

Name one language used in embedded systems.

SECTION – B

Attempt any five (Long Answer Type)

Embedded systems are characterized by real-time operation, reliability, low power consumption, and dedicated functionality. They are designed to perform specific tasks efficiently.

They differ from general-purpose computers because they are optimized for particular applications and often operate under strict timing constraints.

Timing and clock signals ensure synchronization and proper functioning of embedded systems. They control task execution and communication.

Signals represent data and control information, while sampling converts continuous signals into discrete digital form. Frequency spectrum shows signal frequency components.

Communication strategies include serial communication, parallel communication, and wireless communication methods.

Encoding and flow control mechanisms ensure efficient data transmission and prevent data loss.

Fault tolerance in embedded systems involves error detection, recovery mechanisms, and system reliability measures.

Formal methods use mathematical models to verify system correctness and ensure reliability.

Questions (Section B)

What are characteristics of embedded systems?

Explain timing and clocks in embedded systems.

What is sampling in signal processing?

What are communication strategies?

What is fault tolerance?

SECTION – C

Attempt any two (Detailed Explanation)

Embedded systems are classified based on performance, functionality, and application areas. They are widely used in consumer electronics, automotive systems, and industrial automation.

Real-time operating systems manage tasks with strict timing constraints and ensure timely responses.

Embedded control systems monitor and control processes using sensors, processors, and actuators. Control hierarchy shows how different control levels interact within a system.

Questions (Section C)

How are embedded systems classified?

What are applications of embedded systems?

Explain embedded control hierarchy.