THEORY EXAMINATION (SEM–VIII) 2016-17 ENERGY EFFICIENCY & CONSERVATION

SECTION – A

Attempt all parts (Short Answer Type)

DSM (Demand Side Management) refers to strategies used to control and optimize energy consumption on the consumer side to improve energy efficiency and reduce peak demand.

The main aim of an energy audit is to identify areas where energy is being wasted and suggest measures to improve energy efficiency.

Reactive power calculation involves determining the power that oscillates between the source and load due to inductive or capacitive elements in a power system.

HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning systems used to maintain indoor environmental comfort.

Planning of DSM involves forecasting energy demand, designing energy-saving strategies, and implementing efficient energy management techniques.

VAR (Volt-Ampere Reactive) is a unit used to measure reactive power in electrical systems.

DSM strategy refers to methods such as load management, energy conservation, and peak load reduction to improve system efficiency.

Bank rating refers to the capacity of capacitor banks used for power factor correction in power systems.

The Indian Electricity Act 1956 is a law regulating electricity generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption in India.

Energy efficiency means using less energy to perform the same task while reducing energy wastage.

Questions (Section A)

What is DSM?

What is the aim of energy audit?

What is HVAC?

Define VAR.

What is energy efficiency?

SECTION – B

Attempt any five (Long Answer Type)

Energy efficiency in motors and lighting systems involves using high-efficiency equipment to reduce power consumption while maintaining performance. Energy-efficient motors reduce losses and improve reliability.

Energy conservation in industries includes optimizing processes, using efficient equipment, and reducing energy wastage in production systems.

Voltage drop calculation helps determine voltage loss in transmission lines and ensures proper voltage levels for efficient power distribution.

Voltage and reactive power control methods include using capacitor banks, voltage regulators, and automatic control systems to maintain system stability.

DSM strategies include load shifting, peak shaving, and energy-efficient technologies to reduce energy demand.

Voltage classes categorize power systems into low, medium, and high voltage levels based on operating voltage.

Energy audit instruments include power analyzers, clamp meters, and thermographic cameras used to measure energy consumption.

Energy conservation legislation promotes energy efficiency through government policies and regulatory frameworks.

Questions (Section B)

Explain energy efficiency in motors.

What is voltage drop calculation?

What are DSM strategies?

What are energy audit instruments?

Explain energy conservation legislation.

SECTION – C

Attempt any two (Detailed Explanation)

Reactive power shortages in distribution systems can be compensated using Static VAR Compensators (SVC), which regulate voltage and improve power factor.

Capacitor banks are used in distribution systems to improve power factor and reduce energy losses. Their advantages include improved efficiency and voltage regulation.

VAR requirements are related to power factor correction. UPS selection depends on load capacity, reliability, and backup requirements.

The Indian Electricity Act 1956 provides guidelines for electricity management and energy conservation.

Questions (Section C)

What is Static VAR Compensator?

Explain capacitor bank rating.

What are VAR requirements?