GEOINFORMATICS – B.Tech (Semester IV), RCE-402
This is a 3-hour, 70-mark theory examination designed to assess the student’s understanding of remote sensing, GIS, GPS, photogrammetry, projections, and digital image analysis. The paper is divided into three major sections and covers both conceptual and analytical abilities.
SECTION A — Short Answer Questions (2 × 7 = 14 Marks)
This section contains 7 brief questions to test fundamental concepts in Geoinformatics.
Topics include:
Definitions of crab and drift (aerial photography) Stefan–Boltzmann Law
Difference between satellite & microwave remote sensing Thematic maps
Cylindrical projection Image filtering
Undershoot & overshoot (vector GIS errors)
These questions check basic theoretical knowledge.
SECTION B — Descriptive Questions (7 × 3 = 21 Marks)
Students must attempt any 3 out of 5.
This section tests applied concepts and understanding of remote sensing & GIS tools.
Topics include:
Flying altitude calculation using photogrammetric principles Electromagnetic spectrum (with sketch)
Image enhancement techniques Components of GIS
Static, kinematic & differential GPS
These questions evaluate the student’s ability to explain processes and perform calculations.
SECTION C — Long Answer Questions (7 marks each)
Each question offers choice (a or b) and requires in-depth explanations, diagrams, or numerical solutions.
Major topics include:
Q3 – Photogrammetry
Tilt distortion & proof of radial distortion
Vertical aerial photography calculations (airbase length & scale)
Q4 – Remote Sensing Concepts
Components of real remote sensing system
Energy interaction with earth surface materials
Q5 – Digital Image Processing
Principal Component Transformation (PCT) & Fourier Transform techniques
Supervised vs unsupervised classification
Q6 – GIS Applications
Highway planning using GIS
Overlay analysis in GIS
Q7 – Map Projections & Navigation Systems
UTM Projection System
GNSS & advantages of GPS
This section checks analytical skills, theoretical depth, diagrammatic understanding, and subject application.
OVERALL PURPOSE OF THE EXAM
The question paper is designed to test a student’s capability to:
Apply photogrammetry concepts & solve mapping problems
Understand electromagnetic radiation and remote sensing physics
Use image enhancement & classification techniques
Understand GPS/GNSS operations
Use GIS for planning, analysis & decision-making
Interpret projections, mapping systems & data models
It ensures students gain strong foundational knowledge in Geoinformatics, essential for civil engineering, planning, surveying, and mapping applications.
