MEASUREMENT AND METROLOGY – B.Tech (Semester IV), RME-401
This is a 3-hour, 70-mark theory examination designed to test a student’s understanding of precision measurement, metrological instruments, tolerances, fits, measurement errors, interferometry, transducers, surface texture measurement, and metrology applications in manufacturing.
The paper consists of three structured sections: short concepts, descriptive questions, and analytical/numerical/application-based questions.
SECTION A — Short Answer Questions (2 × 7 = 14 Marks)
This section contains 7 brief questions addressing basic metrology terms and concepts.
Topics include:
Precision vs Accuracy Full interchangeability
Erratic error Piezoelectric transducer materials
Vernier scale least count calculation Correction vs correction factor
Need for lasers in interferometry
These questions check definition-level understanding and basic technical concepts.
SECTION B — Descriptive Questions (7 × 3 = 21 Marks)
Attempt any 3 out of 5.
This section checks deeper understanding through explanations and diagrams.
Topics include:
Types of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM)
Types of measurement errors and their causes
Laser Doppler Velocimetry – working with diagram
AC Laser Interferometer – construction & working
Liquid-in-glass thermometer – construction & principle
These questions focus on measurement instruments, optical systems, and metrology devices.
SECTION C — Long Answer Questions (7 marks each)
Each question has choice (a or b) and requires analytical explanations, diagrams, or numerical solutions.
Q3 – Comparators & Optical Measurement Tools
Johansson Mikrokator: construction & working
Profile projector & checking coin profile (lion emblem)
Q4 – Surface Texture & Screw Thread Measurement
Primary vs Secondary texture + instrument for surface roughness measurement
Three-wire method: derivation and explanation
Q5 – Limits, Fits & Tolerances (Numerical Problems)
Determining hole/shaft limits using hole-basis and shaft-basis systems
Calculating tolerance, deviations & limits for 40 H8/f7
Q6 – System Characteristics & Transducers
Static & dynamic response characteristics
Elastic transducer for force measurement
Q7 – Mechanical & Measurement Systems
Bimetallic strip: construction & working
Elements of a generalized measurement system with example
This section evaluates advanced metrology skills, numerical accuracy, understanding of fits and tolerances, and detailed mechanical measurement principles.
OVERALL PURPOSE OF THE EXAM
This examination evaluates whether the student can:
Understand measurement principles & accuracy standards
Identify, classify & analyze different types of errors
Use optical and mechanical measurement devices
Apply principles of tolerances, fits, and fundamental deviations
Interpret laser-based and mechanical measurement systems
Solve practical manufacturing & inspection problems
Understand transducer behavior and dynamic response of systems
It covers both theoretical knowledge and practical engineering metrology applications, essential for manufacturing, quality control, and instrumentation engineering.
