(SEM V) THEORY EXAMINATION 2023-24 CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, LAW AND ENGINEERING

Course: B.Tech (All Branches – Common Subject)

Semester: V

Subject Code: KNC501

Subject Title: Constitution of India, Law and Engineering

Maximum Marks: 50

Duration: 3 Hours

Exam Type: Theory

SECTION A — Short Answer Questions (2 × 5 = 10 Marks)

All five questions are compulsory and short, testing conceptual understanding:

a. Evaluate Federal System.

The Indian Constitution establishes a quasi-federal system with both central and state governments.

Powers are divided through Union, State, and Concurrent lists under the Seventh Schedule.

However, due to emergency provisions and central dominance, India leans towards a unitary bias.

b. Define the term Union Executive.

It consists of the President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, and the Council of Ministers.

The President is the constitutional head, while the Prime Minister is the real executive authority.

c. What is Sole Trader?

A form of business organization owned and managed by a single individual.

The owner has unlimited liability and enjoys full control over profits and decisions.

d. Define the term State Executive.

It includes the Governor, Chief Minister, and the Council of Ministers at the state level.

The Governor acts as the nominal head, and the Chief Minister holds actual executive powers.

e. Explain Judicial Review.

Judicial Review allows the courts to examine the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions.

Ensures supremacy of the Constitution and protection of fundamental rights.

 SECTION B — Descriptive Questions (5 × 3 = 15 Marks)

Attempt any three out of five. Each carries 5 marks.

a. Discuss the formation of Constituent Assembly.

Proposed in 1946 under the Cabinet Mission Plan.

Comprised 389 members representing provinces and princely states.

Drafted and adopted the Constitution on 26 November 1949, effective from 26 January 1950.

b. Explain the Fundamental Rights and Duties.

Fundamental Rights (Articles 12–35): Ensure equality, freedom, justice, and protection against exploitation.

Fundamental Duties (Article 51A): Outline moral obligations of citizens like respecting the Constitution, national symbols, and promoting harmony.

c. Evaluate Powers and Functions of Chancellors.

The Chancellor (often the Governor) serves as the head of state universities.

Powers include appointment of Vice-Chancellors, approval of statutes, and presiding over convocations.

d. Mention about the Right to Information Act 2005.

Provides citizens the right to access government information.

Promotes transparency, accountability, and reduces corruption.

e. Describe Company Act 1956 and Explain Formation of Company.

The Companies Act 1956 governs company formation, management, and dissolution.

Steps: Promotion → Registration → Certificate of Incorporation → Commencement of Business.

SECTION C — Analytical / Application-Based Questions (5 × 5 = 25 Marks)

Attempt one part from each question (Q3–Q7).

Q3.

(a) Write a short note on the Historical Background of the Constituent Assembly.

Formed post the Cabinet Mission Plan (1946) to frame the Constitution of independent India.

Chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad; Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the Drafting Committee Chairman.

The Assembly took 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to complete the Constitution.

(b) Identify the Roles of Engineers in E-Governance.

Developing secure online systems for citizen services (e.g., Aadhaar, DigiLocker).

Implementing IT infrastructure for digital transparency.

Contributing to data management and automation in public services.

Q4.

(a) Evaluate Powers and Functions of Chief Minister.

Acts as the head of the state government.

Advises the Governor on ministerial appointments.

Guides and coordinates the work of all ministers and represents the state in policy matters.

(b) Discuss the Need and Importance of Contract Laws under the legal system.

Contract laws ensure legal validity and enforceability of agreements.

Protects parties’ interests and promotes fair trade practices under the Indian Contract Act, 1872.

Q5.

(a) Discuss Digital Signature Certificates and Cyber Regulations.

Digital signatures authenticate identity in online transactions.

Governed by the Information Technology Act, 2000.

Ensure data integrity, confidentiality, and prevent cyber fraud.

(b) What are Binding Legal Rules derived from judicial decisions?

Known as Judicial Precedents, they are legal principles established in past judgments and followed in future similar cases.

Q6.

(a) Discuss the Preamble of the Indian Constitution and Fundamental Rights.

Preamble declares India as Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic.

It embodies justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.

Fundamental Rights provide constitutional guarantees to protect individual freedom.

(b) Write a short note on Functions of Lok Sabha.

The Lower House of Parliament; controls the executive through motions and budget approval.

Introduces money bills and represents citizens directly.

Q7.

(a) Discuss Information Technology Act, 2000 under Intellectual Property Laws.

Provides legal recognition to electronic documents, contracts, and signatures.

Penalizes cybercrimes like hacking, identity theft, and data breaches.

(b) Discuss the Role of IT Professionals in Judiciary.

Supporting case management systems and e-courts.

Ensuring secure data handling and digitization of legal records.

Key Topics Covered

Indian Federal System and Executives                Fundamental Rights & Duties

Role of Judiciary and Judicial Review                  Information Technology & Cyber Laws

Role of Engineers in Governance and Law         Company, Contract, and RTI Acts