Course: B.Tech (Electronics / Computer / Related Branches)
Semester: V
Subject Code: KOT052
Subject Title: Programming and Interfacing with Microcontrollers
Maximum Marks: 100
Duration: 3 Hours
Paper Type: Theory (Application-based and Analytical)
SECTION A — Short Answer Questions (2 × 10 = 20 Marks)
All questions are compulsory.
a. Challenges for open platform: Security, scalability, hardware compatibility, and interoperability issues.
b. Arduino vs Raspberry Pi:
Arduino: Microcontroller-based, used for hardware control.
Raspberry Pi: Microprocessor-based, runs an OS for advanced applications.
c. Types of ADC: Flash, successive approximation (SAR), delta-sigma, dual slope.
d. C vs C++:
C: Procedural, no OOP.
C++: Object-oriented with classes and inheritance.
e. Block diagram of a sensor: Shows sensing element → signal conditioning → processing → output interface.
f. Features of SPI: Full-duplex, synchronous serial communication, master-slave structure, high speed.
g. SQLite & MySQL: Both are relational database systems; SQLite is file-based, MySQL is server-based.
h. Types of open frameworks: OpenFrameworks, Processing, TensorFlow, PyTorch.
i. UART: Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter — used for serial communication.
j. Define IoT: Network of interconnected physical devices exchanging data via the internet.
SECTION B — Descriptive Questions (10 × 3 = 30 Marks)
Attempt any three.
Creative coding:
Integrates art, design, and programming.
Encourages real-time interactivity and visualization through coding in open platforms like Processing and openFrameworks.
Arduino language compatibility:
Arduino uses simplified C/C++ with libraries for hardware abstraction.
Limitations: Limited memory, slower execution, and restricted multi-threading compared to standard C/C++.
Arduino-compatible microcontrollers:
Examples: ATmega328P, ESP8266, STM32.
Benefits: Cost-effective, vast community support, cross-platform code compatibility.
Advanced I/O in openFrameworks:
Enables interaction with hardware (e.g., cameras, sensors, MIDI devices).
Enhances creative projects like installations and performance systems.
TCP/IP vs UDP in IoT:
TCP: Reliable, connection-oriented (used for data integrity).
UDP: Fast, connectionless (used for real-time streaming, sensor updates).
SECTION C — Analytical and Application-Based Questions (10 × 5 = 50 Marks)
Attempt one part from each question (Q3–Q7).
Q3. Microcontrollers & Basic Electronics
a. PIC Microcontrollers in creative coding:
Used in interactive systems, installations, robotics, and lighting controls.
Supports analog/digital I/O and serial communication.
b. Basic electronics principles:
Ohm’s law, Kirchhoff’s law, voltage-current relationships.
Essential for building reliable hardware circuits for microcontrollers.
Q4. Raspberry Pi & Digital Ethics
a. Raspberry Pi in creative coding:
Advantages: Full OS (Linux), multimedia processing, GPIO access.
Challenges: Power management, real-time control limitations.
b. Ethical considerations:
Issues like digital privacy, authenticity, and responsible use of virtual representations.
Q5. Communication Protocols
a. I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit):
Two-wire interface (SCL, SDA). Advantages: Multi-master, low pin count, supports multiple devices.
Used in sensors, EEPROMs, RTCs.
b. Serial UART Communication:
Simple, asynchronous serial data exchange.
Used for debugging, Bluetooth, GPS, and serial terminal communication.
Q6. Networking with Arduino
a. Wired vs Wireless Networking:
Wired: Reliable, low interference (Ethernet). Wireless: Flexible, used for IoT (Wi-Fi, LoRa, Zigbee).
Choice depends on mobility and power constraints.
Q7. IoT Applications
a. IoT Experimentation:
Prototyping with sensors and cloud platforms helps test network, latency, and scalability of IoT systems.
b. Peer-to-Peer via Bluetooth:
Enables short-range device communication without central servers.
Limitations: Range, pairing complexity, and data throughput.
Key Topics Covered
Open platforms: Arduino, Raspberry Pi, openFrameworks
Microcontroller programming&creative coding Communication protocols: SPI, I²C, UART, TCP/IP, UDP
IoT fundamentals and practical applications Wired vs wireless interfacing
Art and technology integration in microcontroller projects
