THEORY EXAMINATION 2022-23 WEB DESIGNING

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SECTION A (2 × 10 = 20 Marks)

Attempt all questions in brief

(a) Why HTML is not a programming language
HTML is not considered a programming language because it does not contain logic, conditions, loops, or decision-making capabilities. It is a markup language used to structure and present content on the web. HTML only defines elements such as headings, paragraphs, images, and links, and it does not perform computations or control program flow.

(b) Responsive Web Designing
Responsive Web Designing is a technique used to design websites that automatically adjust their layout and content according to the screen size and device type. It ensures proper viewing and interaction on desktops, tablets, and mobile phones by using flexible grids, layouts, images, and CSS media queries.

(c) Attributes of table tag in HTML
The table tag in HTML supports attributes such as border, cellpadding, cellspacing, width, and align. These attributes control the appearance, spacing, alignment, and size of the table, helping to present tabular data in an organized manner.

(d) Purpose of Marquee tag
The marquee tag is used to create scrolling text or images horizontally or vertically on a webpage. It allows content to move automatically and is mainly used for displaying announcements or notices, although it is now considered obsolete in modern web design.

(e) Types of selectors in CSS
CSS selectors are used to target HTML elements for styling. Common selectors include element selectors, class selectors, ID selectors, universal selectors, and group selectors. They help apply styles efficiently and selectively.

(f) Advantages of CSS
CSS improves website appearance, reduces HTML code repetition, and allows easy maintenance. It enables separation of content from design, improves page loading speed, and ensures consistent styling across multiple web pages.

(g) Dialog boxes in JavaScript
JavaScript provides dialog boxes such as alert, confirm, and prompt. These dialog boxes are used to display messages, get user confirmation, or accept user input during program execution.

(h) Use of typeof operator in JavaScript
The typeof operator is used to determine the data type of a variable or value in JavaScript. It helps developers debug programs and handle variables based on their data types.

(i) Control Panel and commonly used panels
The Control Panel is a graphical interface provided by hosting services to manage website-related tasks. Common panels include cPanel and Plesk, which are used to manage files, databases, domains, and email accounts.

(j) Name Server
A Name Server translates domain names into IP addresses. It helps browsers locate the correct server where a website is hosted, ensuring smooth access to web resources.

SECTION B (10 × 3 = 30 Marks)

(a) Web page and types of websites
A web page is a digital document written using HTML and displayed in a web browser. Websites are collections of related web pages. Websites can be static, where content remains fixed, or dynamic, where content changes based on user interaction. Examples include personal blogs, e-commerce sites, and educational portals.

(b) HTML tags and list design
HTML tags define webpage structure. Tags such as <html>, <head>, <body>, <p>, <h1>, <ul>, and <li> are commonly used. Some tags like <br> and <img> do not require closing tags. Lists are created using unordered list tags to display items such as fruits in an organized format.

(c) Box model in CSS
The CSS box model consists of content, padding, border, and margin. It defines the spacing and layout of elements on a webpage. Understanding the box model helps in designing responsive and well-structured layouts.

(d) HTML form with JavaScript validation
An HTML form is used to collect user input such as name, address, pincode, and password. JavaScript validation ensures that no field is left blank, the pincode is numeric and contains six digits, and the password includes at least one capital letter with a minimum length of eight characters. Validation improves data accuracy and security.

(e) Web hosting and hosting packages
Web hosting is a service that stores website files on a server and makes them accessible on the internet. Hosting packages include shared hosting, VPS hosting, dedicated hosting, and cloud hosting. Each type offers different performance levels and costs.

SECTION C

Q3 (a) Web standards and W3C recommendations

Web standards are guidelines that ensure consistency and compatibility across different browsers and devices. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops these standards for HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Following W3C recommendations improves accessibility, usability, and cross-browser support.

Q4 (a) Frames and their advantages

Frames divide the browser window into multiple sections, each displaying a different HTML document. Frames allow navigation menus to remain fixed while content changes in another section. They help organize content but are less commonly used in modern web design.

Q5 (a) CSS and its basic properties

CSS is used to control the presentation of web pages. Basic properties include color, font-size, font-family, margin, padding, and background. A CSS rule can be written to make text 2.5 times larger than the base font size using relative units like em.

Q6 (a) Event handlers in JavaScript and calculator

Event handlers respond to user actions such as clicks, mouse movements, or key presses. Examples include onclick, onload, and onmouseover. JavaScript can be used to create an arithmetic calculator that performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division based on user input.

Q7 (b) Importance of SEO and its types

SEO improves website visibility in search engines. On-page optimization focuses on content, keywords, and HTML structure, while off-page optimization involves backlinks and external promotion. Effective SEO increases traffic and improves online presence.

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