SECTION A (2 × 10 = 20 Marks)
Attempt all questions in brief
(a) Comparison among JDK, JRE and JVM
JDK, JRE and JVM are core components of Java technology. JDK (Java Development Kit) is used for developing Java applications and includes JRE along with development tools such as compiler and debugger. JRE (Java Runtime Environment) provides the environment required to run Java programs and includes JVM and core libraries. JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is responsible for executing Java bytecode and makes Java platform independent.
(b) Basic elements of a good website design
A good website design focuses on simplicity, consistency, easy navigation, fast loading speed, readability, and responsiveness. It should have a clear layout, proper color combination, meaningful content, and compatibility across different devices and browsers to provide a positive user experience.
(c) Usage of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
CSS is used to control the presentation and layout of web pages. It allows developers to define colors, fonts, spacing, and positioning separately from HTML content. CSS improves maintainability, consistency, and reduces redundancy in web design.
(d) DHTML
DHTML stands for Dynamic HyperText Markup Language. It is a combination of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and DOM that allows web pages to be dynamic and interactive without reloading the page.
(e) Protocol and protocols governing the web
A protocol is a set of rules that defines how data is transmitted over a network. Protocols governing the web include HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, POP, and TCP/IP, which ensure proper communication between client and server.
(f) Datagram
A datagram is a self-contained packet of data sent over a network. It contains source and destination information and is used in connectionless communication such as UDP.
(g) Difference between ODBC and JDBC
ODBC is a language-independent interface used to connect applications with databases, while JDBC is Java-specific and used to connect Java applications with databases. JDBC is platform independent and tightly integrated with Java.
(h) doGet() and doPost() methods
doGet() method sends data through URL and is suitable for small, non-sensitive data. doPost() method sends data in request body and is more secure, making it suitable for sensitive information like passwords.
(i) Difference between CGI and Servlet
CGI creates a new process for each request, which consumes more resources. Servlets run within the server JVM, handle multiple requests efficiently, and provide better performance and scalability.
(j) JSP Technology
JSP (Java Server Pages) is a server-side technology used to create dynamic web content. It allows embedding Java code into HTML pages and simplifies web application development.
SECTION B (10 × 3 = 30 Marks)
(a) Java packages and user-defined package
Packages in Java are used to group related classes and interfaces. They help organize code, avoid name conflicts, and improve reusability. A user-defined package is created using the package keyword and can include multiple classes defined by the programmer.
(b) Online Railway Reservation HTML form
An online railway reservation form is designed using HTML form elements such as text fields, dropdowns, radio buttons, and submit buttons. It collects user information like name, source, destination, date of journey, and seat type.
(c) AJAX and its advantages
AJAX stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. It allows web pages to update content asynchronously without reloading the entire page. Advantages include faster response, reduced server load, and improved user experience.
(d) Steps to connect database using JDBC
Database connectivity using JDBC involves loading the driver, establishing a connection, creating a statement, executing SQL queries, processing results, and closing the connection.
(e) Servlet life cycle
The servlet life cycle consists of loading, initialization using init(), request handling using service(), and termination using destroy(). Servlets remain in memory and handle multiple requests efficiently.
SECTION C
Q3 (a) Exceptions and exception handling in Java
Exceptions are runtime errors that disrupt normal program flow. Java handles exceptions using try, catch, throw, and throws keywords. The try block contains risky code, catch handles exceptions, throw explicitly generates an exception, and throws declares exceptions that may occur in a method.
Q4 (a) Student registration form in HTML
A student registration form collects information such as name, roll number, course, email, and password using HTML input elements. It helps in data collection and validation for educational websites.
Q5 (a) Client-side validation using JavaScript
Client-side validation ensures user input is correct before sending data to the server. JavaScript is used to check mandatory fields, validate email format, and prevent incorrect submissions, improving data accuracy and performance.
Q6 (a) EJB and its architecture
Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) is a server-side component used to build scalable and secure enterprise applications. Its architecture includes client, EJB container, and database. EJB provides services like transaction management and security.
Q7 (a) JSP standard action tags and implicit objects
JSP standard action tags are used to control JavaBeans and page flow. Implicit objects such as request, response, session, application, and out simplify access to server-side data and environment.
