Theory Examination (Semester-II) 2015-16 ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY

This question paper evaluates a student’s knowledge of ecosystems, biodiversity, pollution, environmental laws, renewable energy, natural resources, and sustainable development.
It is divided into three sections covering short definitions, descriptive answers, and long analytical questions.

SECTION – A (10 × 2 = 20 Marks)

This section contains ten brief conceptual questions requiring short definitions or explanations.
Topics include:

Principles of environmental education

Structural components of an ecosystem

Global distribution pattern of biodiversity

Organic farming

Advantages & disadvantages of modern agriculture

Merits of renewable energy

Sources & effects of marine pollution

Stratospheric chemical reactions (ozone cycle)

Definition of forest ecosystem

Definition of aquatic ecosystem

This section tests basic understanding of environmental concepts and ecological terms.

SECTION – B (5 × 10 = 50 Marks)

Students must attempt any five detailed descriptive questions.
Topics include:

Types, characteristics, structure & functions of ecosystems

Consequences of overdrawing surface & groundwater

Geothermal energy and tidal power

Individual role in preventing pollution & importance of personal responsibility

Forest Conservation Act 1980 and later amendments

Nitrogen cycle with a neat diagram

Environmental damage from mining (with case study)

Urban vs industrial wastes: sources, characteristics, management & disposal

This section tests explanatory skills, ecological processes, environmental legislation, and sustainable practices.

SECTION – C (2 × 15 = 30 Marks)

Students must attempt any two long-answer questions.

Topics include:

Energy Flow & Ecosystem Models

Trophic levels

Energy and mineral flow in ecosystems

One ecosystem model (e.g., pond ecosystem, forest ecosystem)

Biodiversity & Conservation

Solutions to improve acceptability of dam projects in India

Definition and classification of biodiversity

Values of biodiversity (ecological, economic, aesthetic, ethical)

Environmental Laws & Water Pollution

Comparison of nuclear power and coal power

Water Act 1974: objectives, provisions, enforcement

Drinking water pollution and associated diseases

This section evaluates in-depth analytical thinking, ecological understanding, and environmental policy awareness.